Automobile Mold Industry In The Current Situation And Development Trend
According to statistics, at present, the size of my little car with a mold factory (company) about 30 more than the number of employees 7,000 people, including design, manufacturing and management staff of about 1,000 people, accounting for 14% of the total number of workers. Industry-wide fixed assets of about 9 billion, net of about 7 million yuan, annual sales income of about 4.4 billion, overall labor productivity of about 45 yuan / person, the annual manufacturing capacity of approximately 12 million man-hours, in which large and medium-sized mold manufacturing capacity of some 5 million man-hours / year. In particular, after “95″ period of transformation, automotive mold industry is not only improved productivity and yield, product standards and quality has been improved. For example, automobile body dies in the real model and a new air-cooled steel casting technology popularization and application, to improve the quality of automobile panel dies and reduce the workload of machining has played an active role.
At present, trucks, light trucks, mini vans molds can basically self-sufficient and able to produce part of the car covered by mold. However, the car still has to import most of the mold, mainly interior body panel molds and mold parts, the annual value of imports of more than 100 million U.S. dollars.
China’s auto industry have been developing rapidly mold, progress is also great, but when compared with foreign advanced level, there are still significant gaps. Is mainly manifested in the following points:
First, poor manufacturing precision. In order to seal, for example, many people are reflected in poor performance of China’s domestic automotive sealing. In fact, this not only with the manufacture of sealing material and the level of sealing, and related more directly related to the level of mold. At present, the foreign car companies are in the implementation of “2 mm” project, but in China, the single part can also do so, hundreds of parts assembled together there is no guarantee, and the key is mold.
The second is a short die life. Only aluminum die-casting mold, for example, has reached advanced level in more than one million, but only 20 million in China, only the foreign level of 1 / 5.
Third, die a long development cycle. Previously, China’s Vehicle for several decades, the development of automotive die is also very slow. As the intensity of competition, upgrading of automotive products faster, with a corresponding request to shorten mold die industry development cycle. At present, foreign medium-sized die-casting mold of the development cycle is only 1-2 months, the automobile panel dies development cycle of 6-7 months, but China was 2-3 times the level outside. Therefore, some of the more powerful the domestic auto mold factory despite the strength of the development of new molds, but often due to lag behind the pace of replacement automotive products lose their market competitiveness.
The main reason contributing to this problem is China’s auto industry, corporate mold structure is irrational, software development, management and staff quality and a larger gap between the foreign advanced level.
The first is the low level of specialization and standardization. Internationally, the automobile mold has entered the professional, standardization phase. Foreign automobile mold is comprised largely of professional mold manufacturers, mold commercialization rate of 70% or more, and many specialize in the production mold standard parts of the business, car mold standard parts as much as several hundred. The mold production capacity of China’s major focus on the OEM factory or workshop within the mold, mold the low rate of commercialization. “Ninth Five Year Plan” period, conducting the enterprise restructuring, die proportion of self-production and distribution remained as high as 70%. Mold standard parts in the car, my only two have a certain volume of business.
Secondly, the design and manufacturing process technology behind. The most prominent manifestations of the secondary development of poor software. In recent years, China has introduced many advanced mold design software. But our data on all aspects of automotive products, as well as with foreign materials and so different from the introduction of the software must be based on the combination of China’s national conditions, the secondary development of software to design and manufacture of molds that meet market requirements. Mold software development capabilities of China’s weak second main reason is the lack of development experience and technical strength is weak.
The third is the low quality of management and staff. In recent years, a number of major auto mold factory have introduced the world’s most advanced mold processing equipment, including FAW, Dongfeng, days, steam, Cheng Fei and other fixed assets of four companies has reached 200 million yuan or so, but the product performance and technological level of as compared with foreign advanced level there are still significant gaps, the main reason is that the low quality of management and personnel, resulting in low capacity utilization, performance, lack of full play.
Auto Mold market is enormous, and in industrialized countries could account for about half of the mold market. Expected that by 2005, China’s basic model cars will reach 170 to update models and alteration of up to 430 kinds of models, the demand for cars is also a great mold. The next few years, automotive mold industry should focus on developing the following types of products:
Large and medium-sized automobile panel dies. As the car to the high-speed, comfort, style-oriented development, and body structure will become increasingly complex and demanding mold to the large-scale, complex, high-precision quality direction. -2,005 Expected in 2000, China’s average annual demand for auto body mold is about 15 million man-hours, of which large and medium-sized molds demand for 9.36 million man-hours per year. At present, China’s large and medium-sized automobile mold production capacity of only 5.2 million man-hours / year, a shortfall of 4.36 million man-hours / year, to meet the rate was only 53.4%.
Plastic mold. The trend in lightweight body, driven by the application of plastics in the car a marked increase in the number of plastic per vehicle and total weight of the rise. By 2005 annual output of 3 million calculations, China’s total of all kinds of automobile accessory plastic parts 300 thousand tons, while the current production capacity of only 20 million tons, production and demand a great contradiction. Particularly in the manufacturing bumpers, instrument panels, fuel tanks, steering wheel and other needs of large and medium-sized plastic mold, in 2005 demand is expected to meet only about 50% of the planning.
Motorcycle mold. A type of motorcycle require a total of nearly 1,000 sets of molds, valued at more than 1,000 yuan. China has the world’s largest motorcycle producer, more than 10 million motorcycles annually. Although the majority of motorcycle molds can be produced internally, but in the casting needs to work on localization. Agricultural vehicles mold. Previously, die mold industry paid insufficient attention to agricultural vehicles. In recent years, the rapid development of China’s farm vehicle market, the annual output has reached more than 200 million vehicles, the demand for mold growing rapidly. Meanwhile, with the agricultural vehicle to comfort the direction of development, but also to the mold has set higher requirements. “Tenth Five-Year” period, automobile mold industry, the need for this market seriously enough.
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